Exam_4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exam_4 - Essay Example These components are applied in operational management allowing the management to access up-to-date data in real-time. Therefore, operational analytics offer an insight of the data within a data warehouse because it allows greater visibility of the various forms of data at a great speed (Turban, Sharda, Delen & King, 2010). OLAP (Online Analytic Processing) is the commonly used technique in data analysis employed within data warehouses driven by the increase in data volumes and the value of data-driven analytics in business. OLAP is also referred to as the capability to effectively manipulate and analyze data from various perspectives using its operational structure that relies in the concept known as cube. This concept has a multidimensional data structure that allows fast analysis of data because arrangement of data into cubes overcomes the limitations associated with relational databases (Turban, Sharda, Delen & King, 2010). KPI (Key Performance Indicator) represents a strategic objective and measures performance against a goal. KPIs are multidimensional and upon translation, this indicates that KPIs encompass various unique features. One of the distinguishing features includes strategy because KPIs embody a strategic objective. Moreover, KPIs measure performance against specific targets that are defined within the strategy, planning, or budget allowing the targets to take different forms like achievement targets, reduction targets and absolute targets among others. KPIs also have ranges because objectives have performance measures like above, on or below the target. Encoding in KPIs allow ranges to be encoded in software enabling the display of performance through colours like green, yellow and red based on percentages or other complex rules. Time frames in KPI mean that targets are assigned time frames within which they have to be accomplished; as well, the time frames are often divided into small int ervals to allow monitoring of performance

Sustainable Brand luxury Essay Example for Free

Sustainable Brand luxury Essay Introduction What is striking is the similarity between the two. I can say that sustainability and luxury are similar to bedfellows. Sadly, this would be somewhat naive. Luxury is constantly on move as said by many economists (Kapferer 2008, p. 96). Sustainable fashion with its luxury indicates living harmoniously with mother earth; it is employing trained artisum in safe and humane working conditions. Luxury products are often considered to have larger environmental footprints than their peers. There is an area where sustainability now encourages the luxury dream itself. (Exploria Art of Travel) Nature that is unspoiled is rare today, a chain of hotels emerged where the dream is sustainability like Explora in chille with resorts in Atacama and other places, and these are fully positive energy buildings, with no litter. An organic bacterium is used to destroy everything and food is produced through organic farming by native farmers and so on. Sustainability luxury now Luxury brands are now-a-days interested to turn over a new leaf. Many firms are repositioning to compete with others in their field through environmental and social responsibility as a point of differentiation when competing for the share of consumer wallet which is very tight in economic downturn. (Lakshmi Prasanna 2013, pers. Comm. , 18 Feb. ), Luxury has now passed into masses rather than a cream layer. Sustainability luxury have been Luxury brands have been bought by only those who had money, taste and power. Some products play a role of status symbols and simply they are perceived by public. There is no necessary that these are better than their less expensive products, are bought with main reason of displaying wealth. (Inconspicuous consumption, 2008) These types of products are objects of socio-economic phenomenon called conspicuous consumption. Sustainability luxury can be or ought to be Luxury brands usually set their own standards. Very high gross margins are achieved by Luxury brands and they relay strongly on their reputation, because reputation gives strength to the brand (Tabatoni et al, 2010). People are purchasing luxury goods and are promoting new era of market innovation around sustainability. Every category of good available in the market today includes similar products whose luxury is marked by better quality components and materials. Focus The focus of this article is to analyze relationship of luxury and sustainability. It’s important to see how today’s young consumers, so conscious of green values do, balance their continual need for ever-newer fashion with their presumed commitment to environmental sustainability The image1 above you can see European business review 2013. Market demand Luxury brand is very visible sector; public attention is wholly linked to its high profile customers, VIP’s and celebrities. For many years the luxury goods market has been on an upward climb. The industry had a setback in 1997 called the Asian Financial Crisis, In 2000 the industry has performed well, the luxury products market in the world which includes drinks, fashion, cosmetics, fragrances, watches, jewelry, luggage, handbags – was worth close to $170 billion and grew 7. 9 percent. Only (-0. 9 percent) decline was suffered by this sector, which was the lowest (Okonkwo, 2007 pg.145). (Epsten roy 2003) Today sustainability is regarded as virtually important business perceptive by multiple people such as investors, stake holders, customers and policy makers. Horizons of sustainability: Raising awareness In regard with sustainability the company’s are taking much regard in making changes that support the term sustainability, the more the changes are made they will tend to become part of the company’s identity and mix up into their overall strategy, leading not only to greater sustainability but also greater trust from consumer’s. By remaking the fundamental values of luxury, sustainability can help to clearly check its difference versus more common premium brands. At a time when sustainability is still not well understood or accepted by many people, the influence exerted by luxury brands could play a key role in raising both awareness and also helping to drive behavioral change in consumers. First input must come, not from consumers, but from pioneering brands (Leslie). Brands that will- Encourage reparability and long life of product Promote principle of buy less and pay more. Dematerialize and reinvent luxury experience. Promote respect for appropriate compensation of craftsmanship. Serve as sustainable trend setter. In order to create demand brands should make their image by raising awareness among consumers. In terms of awareness rising, consumer education and behavior change campaigns, major role can be played by celebrities but there also range of other possibilities including traditional and social media which can be interesting, fun and relevant to the audience of all groups. Another event of the luxury market is Luxury Shopping Avenues. Certain thoroughfares like Melbournes Collins Street, Singapores Orchard Road, Amsterdams P. C. Hooftstraat Athens, Chicagos Magnificent Mile, Paris Champs-Elysees, Avenue Montaigne (Wikipedia) area are some places where most luxury brands tend to be concentrated. These are managed by large companies which concentrate luxury goods stores. Positive behavior of buyer: schemes For retailers, the challenge is always to attract customers to their spot as there are many alternatives for customers and help them to understand the benefit in making sustainable choice. Some use incentive schemes which help to keep customers loyal by rewarding them with points that can be spent on virtual markets/ websites. And customer loyalty and willing to pay price premium is particularly important for new ethical brands that are looking to grow. It’s said retaining old customer is better than finding new customers as finding one costs double then retaining the old one. Barriers Luxury is based on object rarity or can be also said as scarcity. . (J. N.Sheth et al, 2010) High prices limit demand for these products and are the best way to protect future of these resources. Sustainable luxury goods- Do not directly focus on customers. Do not recognize emerging threat from rising global over-consumption. The approach is not holistic. Conclusion Sustainable luxury goods have long standing concern for quality and craft. Blendell and Kleanthous (2007) The choice of consumer to pursue the luxury is linked to the brand’s stance on important social issues, such as saving the planet. All that can be said is â€Å"for all we know, we might not get tomorrow to save earth. † There are some brands showing how luxury fashion can successfully achieve and market sustainability and ethics. As a consumer myself, I would want to show that I not only enjoy good quality of the good but that I also care for environment and I hope most of consumers think alike. References Exploria Art Travel, 8 April 2014, www. exploria. com/sustainability Jagdish N Seth, Nirmala K Sethia, Shanthi Srinivas, 2010 â€Å"Mindful Consumption: A Customer Centric Approach To Sustainability† Academy of Marketing Science, US Kapferer, Jean-Noel, 2008 â€Å"The New Strategic Brand Management† 4th ed. Kapferer, Jean-Noel, 2013 â€Å"The European Business Review† www. europeanbusinessreview. com/? p=2869 Okonkwo, uche, 2007 â€Å"Luxury fashion branding: Trends, Tactics and Techniques† Tabatoni, O Kapferer,J-N, 2010 â€Å"Are Luxury Brands Really A Financial Dream? † HEC Paris, Research Paper,July 2010 Virginia postrel, 2008, â€Å"Culture and commerce – Inconspicious consumption† http://www.theatlantic. com/magazine/archive/2008/07/inconspicuous-consumption/306845/ Leslie pascaud, Director sustainable marketing and innovation practice, viewed 8 April 2014 www. addedvalue. com Partridge, D. J. 2011 â€Å"Activist capitalism and supply chin citizenship: producing ethical regimes and ready to wear cloths† current 52 (s3). Blendell, J and Klenthous, A 2007 â€Å"Deeper luxury: quality and style when the world matters† Godalming: wwf. uk Ceri Heat Cote- â€Å"The ethical fashion†, 17 sept 2012 http://source. ethicalfashionforum. com/article/marketing-sustainability-for-the-luxury-fashion-sector- Wikipedia.

The Automobile and the Economy Essay -- Essays Papers

The Automobile and the Economy The effects the automobile has had on the economy of the world are tremendous. The major effects have came in many ways and include sales of the automobile, jobs provided to sell and manufacture the automobile, gas/oil sales to run the automobile, and the start of auto racing sport. The revolution of the automobile was the start of the most popular and successful industry in the world. The Effect of Gas/Oil There is a great effect on the economy due to the sale of gas. The major effect of how much gas is sold is how efficient the particular automobile uses gas and what automobile the people choose to buy. Since the start of production of the automobile fuel efficiency has steadily increased for the most part thanks to better engineers, tires, and laws that force better efficiency. First, The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 established C.A.F.E. (corporate average fuel economy) which was meant to steadily increase fuel efficiency in passenger cars every year (http//www.cnie.org/nle/air-10.html#summ) . The only problem was oil prices softened and the demand for small cars that were the most efficient diminished. As a result, the N.H.T.S.A (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) was forced to relax the standard of the model years 1986-1989. The standard for automobiles of today is 27.5 miles per gallon. In the 1990’s the United States had an increased urgency raise their standards as they were more dependent on importing oil instead of producing it. Currently, the Clinton Administration is going to great depths to try to increase fuel efficiency. Bill Cliton made a partnership with the domestic industry to develop a new... ...mobile Manufacturing Industries Act†. October 27 1996. Internet Explorer. Online. March 1 1998. http://www.japanauto.com/about/hjai_01.html â€Å"Auto Production to Expected 3 Million Next Year†. Short Takes. Internet Explorer. Online. September 17 1997. http//www.korta.co.kr/ki/issues/1997/11-12/short.html â€Å"Automobile Fuel Economy†. CRS Issue Brief for Congress. Internet Explorer. Online. October 8 1997. http//www.cnie.org/nle/air-10.html#summ â€Å"Do Automobile Fuel Economy Standards Work?†. Do Automobile Fuel Economy Standards Work?. December 10 1996. Internet Explorer. Online. March 10 1998. http//www.azfms.com/DocReviews/Dec96/art3.htm â€Å"How TV Wizardy Made Stock Car Racing the Hottest, Family-friendliest Sport Around†. Nascar Nation. December 11 1997. Internet Explorer. Online. March 11 1998. http://www.mci.newscorp.com/tv/magazine

Angela Merkel

Tiffany Prill Challenges of Leadership Leadership Book Analysis Modern World Leaders- Angela Merkel The person chosen for this leadership report is Angela Merkel. I read â€Å"Modern World Leaders-Angela Merkel† written by Clifford W. Mills. Being born in Berlin, with my pride in being German, as well as being a female with my own leadership ambitions, I felt Angela Merkel was a perfect fit for me. Gaining knowledge on the leadership style from one of the most powerful and influential women in the world, while also learning the values and beliefs my country is grounded on, I find Angela Merkel to be extremely interesting leader to study.Angela Merkel (born Angela Dorothea Kasner), was born in Hamburg, Germany on July 17, 1954. Angela was raised in East Germany where she later received Associates degree in 1973. Shortly after, she enrolled to the Karl Marx University where she later met and married Ulrich Merkel. She graduates with a bachelor and continues onto her PhD in Scien ce at the Central institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. By 1986 she received her PhD which is also the same year she goes back to West Germany for the first time since she was baby.It was the many years in West Germany, full of communism and hardships, that taught Merkel how strong and powerful government could be. Merkel was determined to use power to serve the people not use it to control them. Rather than telling them what they wanted hear, she told them what to do to solve the political problem. A scholarly physicist with little to no interest in politics rose to the top of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) known as a conservative, male oriented, traditional political party. I believe the keys to her success include things such as her upbringing along with her passion and ambition.Raised by a minister in communist East Germany, Merkel had an upbringing like no other. A place where the economy was shattered- where resources and goods where lack ing. Merkel and her family were always being watched upon by the Statsi. The Statsi was a security intelligence network that consisted of 100,000 full time employees with 300,000 informants recruited to spy on the citizens who might be subversive. Within this environment Merkel learned to keep her real thoughts to herself and keep her private and political world separate in fear of the Statsi.Ambition is an understatement. The fall of the Berlin Wall was the biggest eye opener and life changing event in Merkels life; going from someone who took no particular interest in politics to fighting for freedom and rights, almost over night. The day after Merkel was sworn in as chancellor Merkel wasted no time and made trips around the world meeting up with leaders in hopes to form alliances. Her first stop was Paris where she met with President Jacques Chirac where her goal was to emphasize the importance of their relationship.Next she met with security general Jaap de Hoop of the NATO. The NATO was a alliance between 26 countries where the attack on one country leads to the attack on all countries. Merkel knew how important this alliance was to Germany. Merkel returned home to meet the President of Pohomba of Namibia only to leave soon after to the United States to meet President Bush. Merkel was admired her never ending, ambitious, networking. â€Å"She put her loyalty to truth ahead of loyalty to the party†- Merkel’s put honesty and truth on the top of her values.When German chancellor Helmut Kohl admitted his guilt to receiving illegal claim contributions, Merkel was not scared to condemn Kohl in a public newsletter. Her mentor, the man who started Merkel in politics- in her eyes was now the man who betrayed a trust and should no longer be leader. Her honesty is the way Merkel got people to follow her as a leader. Although some felt she had stabbed Kohl in the back, many Germans praised her honesty. She had proven to the people that truth matters and that she stands behind it.Another time that Merkel wasn’t scared to stand her ground and simply standing up for what’s ethically right was back in high school. In Germany teachers quiet strict and at one point she had a teacher that would punish the entire class if a presentation differed even slightly from what the teacher told them to do. Deep down inside Merkel knew that the students put in extreme effort into the presentations and that this matter was so serious that the students could all be expelled from school. After explaining the situation to her parents, Merkel wrote a petition which she also presented to some GDR officials.Merkels class was saved; the teacher was later disciplined. I characterize her leadership style as one that is based on ethics and morals while also being very direct. She is both task oriented as well as relationship oriented. Merkel focuses on the business task at hand while putting great emphasis relationships and networking†¦ â⠂¬Å"I don’t think it make sense to go round and round in circles arguing about this crisis. We have to manage it instead. But that’s something we can only do together with our neighbors, our partners, the big ones and the small ones.I think Germany is destined, partly as a result of its geographic position, to be a mediator and balancing factor. † From this statement I feel as though Merkel is very direct and to the point- there is no point in arguing, let’s do something about it. At the same time Merkel puts emphasis on leader-member relations. Previous chancellor Schroeder was known for his extravagant sleigh rides with Russian President Putin along with an unwillingness to push Putin on difficult issues. Merkel wasn’t taking sleigh rides; she was making a dissimilar statementBased on her position Merkel has legitimate power and usually uses rational persuasion. She has the ability to influence others using something of value giving her reward pow er. Merkels degree in science gives her expert power and over the years has gained connection power through never ending networking and reciprocity. â€Å"I am, I think, courageous at the decisive moment. But I need a good deal of start-up time, and I try to take as much as possible into consideration beforehand. † Merkel puts a great deal of time studying an issue and pays close attention to detail when making a decision.When looking at a political issue, she looks at all sides and tries to understand it logically. Merkel does not go by â€Å"hunches† but finds out what others think (especially exerts). She studies an issue very carefully and does not make â€Å"right off the back† decisions. While some might of looked at it as inexperienced, Merkels courage stood out at the 2006 G8- Summit. The G8 Summit includes leaders from France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States, that year taking place in Russia. One thing that wa s not â€Å"appropriate† during the G8 Summit was to criticize the host.Not only did Merkel question Russia on their electoral system claiming its shortcomings, she also vocalized that she did not want the natural gas from Russia to get disrupted again; she needed energy security for Europe to be assured and secured. Merkel had made headlines and made her mark. Merkel has not groomed a successor but is the successor of Gerhard Schroder. Schroeder was more of a Democrat while Merkel is a Republican. She is an anticommunist that wants there to be a bigger role for private business and less role of the government.Schroeder believed that the government had to be a regulator in businesses and that small changes to policy would bring Germanys level of competiveness up. Compared to her predecessor, Merkel felt government needed to get out of the way of business and that taxes should be simplified possibly with a flat rate. In order to decrease Germanys booming deficit, Schroeder cut social security payments an unemployment benefits. Merkel on the other hand found that increasing the VAT (value added tax) from 16%-18% was more successful.Another major difference between the two was their views on the war. While Schroeder was against the war, he allied himself with France and criticized the Bush administration. Merkel found the war to be dignified and correct- growing up in a country without freedom she knew exactly how precious it was. She explained Germany needed to stop bashing America and that her administration will have friendlier relations with America. A portrait of German princess born Sophie Augusta Fredrika, (later known as Russian empress Catherine the Great) hangs on the wall in Merkels office.Sophie married the 17-year-old grandson of Peter the Great and was crowned Catherine II. Catherine was the longest ruling and most renowned female leader of Russia. The Catherinian Era was sometimes referred to as the Golden Era as she extended Russian territo ry and reorganized law administration. Catherine led Russia into full participation in the cultural and political life of Europe. In September 2006 Merkel topped the â€Å"World’s Most Powerful Woman† list by Forbes Magazine. Analysts claim her strength was her â€Å"unassuming and tireless networking†.Leaders around the world such as Jacques Chirac, Tony Blair, and Vladimir Putin were all impressed by Merkel winning the admiration of people worldwide. Other awards received by Merkel include: * Vision for Europe award 2006 * Recognition of â€Å"Dama de Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italian† by Italian president 2006 * Honorary doctorate from Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2007 * Chalemagne Prize 2008 * Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany 2008 * Honorary doctorate from University of Technology in Wrolaw (Poland) 2008 * â€Å" â€Å" from University of Cluj-Napoca (Romania) Jawaharlal Nehra Award (India) 20 09 * Forbes most powerful women 5 years in a row This assignment has enabled me to see leadership traits and values from the perspective of one of the most powerful and successful women in the World. A political record breaker, who has marked her spot in history by moving Germany out of the recession. I was aware that Angela Merkel was the Chancellor of Germany but I didn’t know what motivated her and the type of person she is and how she leads her country.Her motivation and drives comes from the democratic and controlled life she lived in East Germany giving her the determination of providing German citizens a less controlled, free, and happy life. She grounds her decisions on principal and logic and leads in a direct, assertive manner. Although Merkel dominates German politics I view her more as a leader than a politician. Leaders care about the people they serve while politicians usually care about themselves and their party. APA Style Citations Angela Merkel: The Most Pow erful Woman In The World – People – Stylist Magazine. n. d. ). Stylist. co. uk homepage – Stylist Magazine. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http://www. stylist. co. uk/people/angela-merkel#image-rotator-1 Mills, C. (2008). Angela Merkel. New York: Chelsea House Reddy, V. (n. d. ). German Legend Angela Merkel's Success story – Posdcorb. Posdcorb. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. vamsinathmba. com/2012/08/german-lezand-angela-merkels-success. html Smitha, F. E. (n. d. ). Catherine the Great, Russian Empress. MacroHistory : World History. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. fsmitha. com/h3/h31-gr6c. htm

3 Types of Love in Romeo Annd Juliet Essay

Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, a play of two young lovers from opposing families is mainly based on the theme of love and hate. Love is presented right from the start and perhaps the most obvious subject is different kinds of love that involved in this play. Shakespeare used the characters and imagery to portray courtly love, dutiful love and romantic love. Shakespeare used the relationship of Romeo and Rosaline, Paris and Juliet to present courtly love. Romeo is terribly in love with Rosaline but the love is not returned which turns out Romeo unrequited love to Rosaline. Shut up his windows, lock fair daylight out and makes himself an artificial night. † (l, i, 134-135) The imagery made a depressed atmosphere, Shakespeare created a difference between light and dark, also portrayed the miserable and sorrowful feeling of Romeo. Same as Romeo, Paris loved Juliet very much. â€Å"So will ye, I am sure, that you love me. † (‘V, i, 26) Paris is accepted by Capulet and glad to marry Juliet but he doesn’t know that Juliet is married to Romeo secretly by Friar Lawrence. Dutiful love is a major love that Shakespeare have presented throughout the play, specially in the Capulet family. I’ll look to like, if looking liking move, but no more deep will I endart mine eye than you consent gives strength to make it fly. † (l, iii, 99-101) Juliet have always been faithful and dutiful to her parents but became independent after meeting Romeo. â€Å"Not proud you have, but thankful that you have. Proud can I never be of what I hate , But thankful even for hate that is meant love. (Ill, iiiii, 146-148) Shakespeare have presented dutiful love from Juliet’s words and sayings, he also contrasted the change of Juliet’s love to her parents before and after meeting Romeo. Parental love is a kind of dutiful love shown in Romeo and Juliet. Capulet and Lady Capulet wants their daughter to marry Paris â€Å"Marry, my child, early next Thursday morn the gallant. young and noble gentleman, the county Paris, at Saint Peter’s Church, shall happily make thee there Joyful bride. † (Ill, iiiii, 112-115) The loving parents arranged the marriage to lift out sorrow and to decide the best for Juliet, but unfortunately their love is not what Juliet expected. Shakespeare also used the presented love in the character’s speeches. Shakespeare wrote romantic love in several levels. Shakespeare sets the lovers in to opposing families, therefore, the couple feels that things will go unsatisfactorily for them. Then true love of Romeo and Juliet then increased by the feud where Shakespeare included Tybalt to compared dutiful love and romantic love. In the end, Romeo and Juliet killed themselves due to the strong love they both felt for each other. â€Å"From fatal the fatal loins of these two foes a pair of star-crossed lovers take their life† (Chorus, prologue, 5-6) Shakespeare portrayed the two lovers as stars and also beauty and love of Juliet as sun † It is the East, and Juliet is the sun! Arise, fair

Sin and Punishment in Relation to Satan and Human Being Essays

Sin and Punishment in Relation to Satan and Human Being Essays Sin and Punishment in Relation to Satan and Human Being Essay Sin and Punishment in Relation to Satan and Human Being Essay Man is generally known in both psychological and theoretical aspect is imperfect due to his innate nature. This idea is mainly attributed to the fact that it is stated in the Bible that humanity themselves became imperfect though they are created to be the other way. This is actually because of the event of when the first man and woman committed the first and one of the most unforgivable sins in the whole theoretical history of man. This is the first defiance of the man to God’s will and command in direct association with the two thus together with the fall of the first man and woman is the fall of the whole humanity following them in imperfection. From birth, man has already unconsciously committed sin through inheritance and this sin thus, originally he is already made imperfect. Also from this state, man’s continuous pursuit in life is deeply embedded with many pitfalls and downfalls that from it man, through lack of faith and with imperfect discretion, is bounded to fall one way or another thus resulting him to committing sins. For human philosophy and even with the expression from the bible’s historical events, sin or fault is naturally with direct connotation to the idea of punishment. This punishment principle is like a bargaining deal that states that whatever is loss through fault is punishable with compensatory damages to the one committed it (Newbolt, 2005). Thus, because of humanity’s imperfection, they are more likely to commit sin and be punish for it because of which, they strongly needs divine guidance in their course for purification and atonement for their aim of salvation. Sin and Punishment min Relation to Satan It is embedded in the historical facts of the Bible that the first downfall of humanity through the state of imperfection is through the direct defiance of the first man and woman to the direct command of God. This action resulted to their punishment of stripping off their perfected state and letting them endure the hardship of life for survival and the atonement of their sin. However, in one aspect, this defiance that is explicitly stated in this paper can also be attributed to another intervention causing the enactment of the said serious sin. This is the temptation done by the devil generally called Satan in most religious principles. Satan, is originally and contextual mean accuser, slanderer, liar and an adversary of the truth and all the good things in life (Pagels, 1989; Wikipedia, 2006). His aims and purpose is to cause humanity to commit sin and recruit them to his falsehood together with his condemnation. His main existence is to test the faith of humanity to God and their endurance to stay in the path of righteousness by creating pitfalls for them to stumble on. However, Satan is known to be purposely created by God to be his servant and one of his main servants. According to the Bible, Satan at first was created to be an angel with perfect and beautiful form to aid His biddings and His divine plan for the world and the humanity. However though, Satan the angel has fallen because of his own sin and started the rebellion for him to gain divined powers and superiority because of his aims to be the Supreme Being (Pagels, 1989). Thus, because of his own sin he was punished with condemnation that is equally commensurable to the crime and wickedness he committed in the first place giving him the title of the devil and an enemy of the truth. Just like what he did in his rebellion in heaven, which is his recruitment of allies to his own downfall, he is still doing the same though with different purpose and different targets. Satan the devil’s presence is with the humanity leading them to the same path, which is in just like what he did with t he first man and woman. He is continuously urging humanity to commit sin and punishable errors against God and His righteous Laws and setting up traps and pitfalls for them to prevent them from purifying themselves and atoning for their sins both that of they inherited and committed in their personal lives. Conclusion From the previously stated argument, it is explicitly expressed that the sin and downfall of humanity in imperfection can be directly attributed to the intervention of Satan the Devil himself by shifting to different forms. In addition, since it is explicitly stated in the bible that Satan the Devil himself is residing in the world together with the humanity, his threats and the dangers he post is very evident with humanity’s sin as also attributed by their imperfect discourse. Thus, Satan the Devil can be argue to have a direct connection with humanity as they are residing in the same place because of which, he can directly affect their minds and hearts and lure them to sinful lives and condemnation. Since humanity has already been made imperfect, their defense against Satan the Devil’s lure and threats became apparently weak and they can be easily persuaded to commit sin. However, their faith to God and their adherence to the principles explicitly stated and deeply embedded in the Bible, they can strengthen this defense and resist against Satan’s influences thus achieving forgiveness for their sins and be purified to perfection once again. Bibliography Linthicum, Robert C. City of God, City of Satan. Zondervan. ISBN: 0310531411. April, 1991. Newbolt, W. C. E. The Phenomena of the Punishment of Sin and of Redemption. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN: 1425476627.   December, 2005. Pagels, Elaine. Adam, Eve, and the Serpent. Vintage; Vintage Books Edition. ISBN: 0679722327. September, 1989. Wikipedia. Satan. Wikipedia Foundation, Inc. November, 2006. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satan. November 18, 2006.

Free Essays on Simile Use In “Everything That Rises Must Converge“

Understanding Similes in â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge† The use of figurative language is usually present in all pieces of literature. Similes are a form of figurative language that compares two things that are essentially different, and develops the qualities of each person and/or thing to create a similarity between the two. They are also used to be very descriptive and give the reader a mental image of what is occurring. Flannery O’Connor paints these images in her short story â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†. The usage of similes in her story make use of the imagination, and captures the reader’s interest. In the short story, â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†, O’Connor writes about a young, educated man dealing with his mother’s prejudicial opinion of black people. O’Connor writes, â€Å"She rolled on to it every few days like a train on an open track†. This was in reference to a negative comment made by Julian’s mother in regards to black people. A similarity is developed between Julian’s mother and the train. By saying that she rolled on to it means that she started talking about the subject. Saying the train was on an open track is descriptive on how Julian’s mother can be one directional with her opinion and views. Also it shows that she may talk about the subject for a while as a train would travel for a long period of time if on open track. Another instance where a simile is used to be descriptive is when another woman on the bus speaks to Julian’s mother and says, â€Å"I come on one the other day and they were as thick as fleas - up front and all through†. This very demeaning comment made by the woman refers to black people being the fleas. Having fleas on a dog, all in small bunches and sporadically throughout the dogs coat, would cause any one aggravation of having to deal with the nuis... Free Essays on Simile Use In â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Convergeâ€Å" Free Essays on Simile Use In â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Convergeâ€Å" Understanding Similes in â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge† The use of figurative language is usually present in all pieces of literature. Similes are a form of figurative language that compares two things that are essentially different, and develops the qualities of each person and/or thing to create a similarity between the two. They are also used to be very descriptive and give the reader a mental image of what is occurring. Flannery O’Connor paints these images in her short story â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†. The usage of similes in her story make use of the imagination, and captures the reader’s interest. In the short story, â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†, O’Connor writes about a young, educated man dealing with his mother’s prejudicial opinion of black people. O’Connor writes, â€Å"She rolled on to it every few days like a train on an open track†. This was in reference to a negative comment made by Julian’s mother in regards to black people. A similarity is developed between Julian’s mother and the train. By saying that she rolled on to it means that she started talking about the subject. Saying the train was on an open track is descriptive on how Julian’s mother can be one directional with her opinion and views. Also it shows that she may talk about the subject for a while as a train would travel for a long period of time if on open track. Another instance where a simile is used to be descriptive is when another woman on the bus speaks to Julian’s mother and says, â€Å"I come on one the other day and they were as thick as fleas - up front and all through†. This very demeaning comment made by the woman refers to black people being the fleas. Having fleas on a dog, all in small bunches and sporadically throughout the dogs coat, would cause any one aggravation of having to deal with the nuis...

Graduarse Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Graduarse Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb graduarse is a reflexive verb that means to graduate, whether it be from high school, college, etc. The stem verb graduar can be used non-reflexively, in which case it also means to adjust or calibrate. For example, you can say Queremos graduar la temperatura (We want to adjust the temperature). However, this verb is most commonly used as the reflexive graduarse to talk about obtaining a degree or completing an educational level. Since this verb is often used reflexively, this article includes graduarse conjugations with the reflexive pronoun. You will find tables with conjugations in the present, past, conditional, and future indicative; the present and past subjunctive; the imperative, and other verb forms. Graduarse Present Indicative Since graduar is a regular -ar verb, the conjugations of graduarse follow the regular -ar verb pattern. However, notice that in some of the present indicative conjugations an accent mark is needed to maintain the stress in the correct vowel. Also, remember to include the reflexive pronoun before each conjugated verb. Yo me gradà ºo I graduate Yo me gradà ºo de la universidad. Tà º te gradà ºas You graduate Tà º te gradà ºas de la escuela primaria. Usted/à ©l/ella se gradà ºa You/he/she graduates Ella se gradà ºa con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Nosotros nos graduamos We graduate Nosotros nos graduamos juntos. Vosotros os graduis You graduate Vosotros os graduis de la secundaria con buenas notas. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se gradà ºan You/they graduate Ellos se gradà ºan con honores. Graduarse Preterite Indicative The preterite tense conjugations for yo and à ©l/ella/usted contain an accent mark on the last vowel. Yo me graduà © I graduated Yo me graduà © de la universidad. Tà º te graduaste You graduated Tà º te graduaste de la escuela primaria. Usted/à ©l/ella se graduà ³ You/he/she graduated Ella se graduà ³ con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Nosotros nos graduamos We graduated Nosotros nos graduamos juntos. Vosotros os graduasteis You graduated Vosotros os graduasteis de la secundaria con buenas notas. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se graduaron You/they graduated Ellos se graduaron con honores. Graduarse Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is conjugated by starting with the stem gradu and adding the imperfect ending for -er verbs (aba, abas, aba, bamos, abais, aban). The imperfect tense can be translated as was graduating or used to graduate. Yo me graduaba I used to graduate Yo me graduaba de la universidad. Tà º te graduabas You used to graduate Tà º te graduabas de la escuela primaria. Usted/à ©l/ella se graduaba You/he/she used to graduate Ella se graduaba con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Nosotros nos gradubamos We used to graduate Nosotros nos gradubamos juntos. Vosotros os graduabais You used to graduate Vosotros os graduabais de la secundaria con buenas notas. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se graduaban You/they used to graduate Ellos se graduaban con honores. Graduarse Future Indicative Yo me graduarà © I will graduate Yo me graduarà © de la universidad. Tà º te graduars You will graduate Tà º te graduars de la escuela primaria. Usted/à ©l/ella se graduar You/he/she will graduate Ella se graduarcon un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Nosotros nos graduaremos We will graduate Nosotros nos graduaremos juntos. Vosotros os graduarà ©is You will graduate Vosotros os graduarà ©is de la secundaria con buenas notas. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se graduarn You/they will graduate Ellos se graduarn con honores. Graduarse Periphrastic  Future Indicative   To conjugate the periphrastic future you need the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive graduar. The reflexive pronoun is placed before the conjugated verb ir. Yo me voy a graduar I am going to graduate Yo me voya graduar de la universidad. Tà º te vasa graduar You are going to graduate Tà º te vasa graduar de la escuela primaria. Usted/à ©l/ella se vaa graduar You/he/she is going to graduate Ella se vaa graduar con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Nosotros nos vamosa graduar We are going to graduate Nosotros nos vamosa graduar juntos. Vosotros os vaisa graduar You are going to graduate Vosotros os vaisa graduar de la secundaria con buenas notas. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se vana graduar You/they are going to graduate Ellos se vana graduar con honores. Graduarse Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund or present participle can be used as an adverb or to form progressive tenses like the present progressive. The present progressive is usually formed with the auxiliary verb estar. When conjugating a reflexive verb, the reflexive pronoun should be placed before the conjugated verb estar, or you can attach it to the end of the present participle. Present Progressive ofGraduarse se est graduando / est gradundose Is graduating Ella se est graduando con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Graduarse Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective or to form perfect tenses, such as the present perfect (with the auxiliary verb haber). When conjugating a reflexive verb, the reflexive pronoun is placed before the conjugated verb haber. Present Perfect of Graduarse se ha graduado Has graduated Ella se ha graduado con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Graduarse Conditional Indicative The conditional tense can be translated to English as would verb. It is used to talk about possibilities. Yo me graduarà ­a I would graduate Yo me graduarà ­a de la universidad si estudiara ms. Tà º te graduarà ­as You would graduate Tà º te graduarà ­as de la escuela primaria, pero debes repetir un aà ±o. Usted/à ©l/ella se graduarà ­a You/he/she would graduate Ella se graduarà ­acon un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n, pero se cambià ³ de carrera. Nosotros nos graduarà ­amos We would graduate Nosotros nos graduarà ­amos juntos si tuvià ©ramos la misma edad. Vosotros os graduarà ­ais You would graduate Vosotros os graduarà ­ais de la secundaria con buenas notas si fuerais ms aplicados. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se graduarà ­an You/they would graduate Ellos se graduarà ­an con honores, pero recibieron una mala calificacià ³n. Graduarse Present Subjunctive The present subjunctive is used to talk about emotions, doubts, desires, recommendations, or other subjective situations. Que yo me gradà ºe That I graduate La profesora espera que yo megradà ºede la universidad. Que tà º te gradà ºes That you graduate El maestro espera que tà º tegradà ºes de la escuela primaria. Que usted/à ©l/ella segradà ºe That you/he/she graduate El jefe espera que ella segradà ºe con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Que nosotros nos graduemos That we graduate Esteban quiere que nosotros nos graduemos juntos. Que vosotros os graduà ©is That you graduate Pap pide que vosotros os graduà ©is de la secundaria con buenas notas. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas segradà ºen That you/they graduate La directora espera que ellos segradà ºen con honores. Graduarse Imperfect Subjunctive There are two options for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive. Option 1 Que yo me graduara That I graduated La profesora esperaba que yo megraduarade la universidad. Que tà º te graduaras That you graduated El maestro esperaba que tà º tegraduaras de la escuela primaria. Que usted/à ©l/ella segraduara That you/he/she graduated El jefe esperaba que ella segraduara con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Que nosotros nos graduramos That we graduated Esteban querà ­a que nosotros nos graduramosjuntos. Que vosotros os graduarais That you graduated Pap pedà ­a que vosotros os graduarais de la secundaria con buenas notas. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas segraduaran That you/they graduated La directora esperaba que ellos segraduaran con honores. Option 2 Que yo me graduase That I graduated La profesora esperaba que yo megraduase de la universidad. Que tà º te graduases That you graduated El maestro esperaba que tà º tegraduases de la escuela primaria. Que usted/à ©l/ella segraduase That you/he/she graduated El jefe esperaba que ella segraduase con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n. Que nosotros nos gradusemos That we graduated Esteban querà ­a que nosotros nos gradusemosjuntos. Que vosotros os graduaseis That you graduated Pap pedà ­a que vosotros os graduaseis de la secundaria con buenas notas. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas segraduasen That you/they graduated La directora esperaba que ellos segraduasen con honores. Graduarse Imperative The imperative mood is used to give orders or commands. Notice that the placement of the reflexive pronoun varies for positive and negative commands. Positive Commands Tà º gradà ºate Graduate!  ¡Gradà ºate de la escuela primaria! Usted gradà ºese Graduate!  ¡Gradà ºese con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n! Nosotros graduà ©monos Let's graduate!  ¡Graduà ©monos juntos! Vosotros graduaos Graduate!  ¡Graduaos de la secundaria con buenas notas! Ustedes gradà ºense Graduate!  ¡Gradà ºense con honores! Negative Commands Tà º no te gradà ºes Don't graduate!  ¡No te gradà ºes de la escuela primaria! Usted no se gradà ºe Don't graduate!  ¡No se gradà ºe con un tà ­tulo en administracià ³n! Nosotros no nos graduemos Let's not graduate!  ¡Nonos graduemos juntos! Vosotros no os graduà ©is Don't graduate!  ¡Noos graduà ©is de la secundaria con buenas notas! Ustedes no se gradà ºen Don't graduate!  ¡Nose gradà ºen con honores!

Dsm changes (ass 2 psy 5035) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dsm changes (ass 2 psy 5035) - Essay Example The medical community emphasizes that a quality diagnosis comes from objective formats and is consistently reliable. The diagnosis of ADHD seems to be reliable only if done by experienced well trained diagnosticians. These very diagnosticians are calling for stabilizing criteria being added to the DSM (Biederman & Faraone 2005). For many years, the idea that ADHD persists into adulthood has been met with varying degrees of skepticism. Thirty-five studies follow-up studies of children diagnosed with ADHD have shown that it does persist into adulthood. Symptoms ad described in the present DSM do show a decline in the severity of symptoms. By the age of 30-40, clients will no longer meet the full criteria for the diagnosis however clinically significant impairments are still noticeable. There is a noted risk in adults for the comorbitiy of personality disorders, poor occupation performance, traffic accidents, injuries and some anti-social behavior. Additional diagnostic criteria for adults is likely to be added to the diagnostic criteria and it may be broken down at the lower end as well (Biederman & Faraone 2005). More and more very young children are being put on medications. Perhaps adding age specific criteria for under seven should also be added. In many cases, clinicians have taken integrating material into their own hands by using the Connors Assessment System. It is likely in the future such integrating criteria will be included in the diagnostic criteria to provide a more objective outcome. There may be a new developmentally divided list of behaviors including reports from others that will be added (Rassmussen et.al 2004). In an effort to increase diagnostic reliability the new research can be helpful. We now have insight into differences in brain function that can be seen in brain scans. As that becomes more available and more definitive we may see such scans used for diagnosis. We also have more definitive evidence about the

English writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

English writing - Essay Example Based on the poor treatment that Catherine receives from her husband, she opts to use her beauty and wits to her advantage and also finds lovers for herself. Her plot is that of seizing power once the ruler of the time, Empress Elizabeth dies and Catherine forms secret alliances in preparation for this. At first opportunity, Catherine succeeds in taking the crown and she takes charge of the kingdom as he rules instead of her husband. Her quest is that of conquering more territories as a way of expanding the Russian kingdom, which was one of the visions that Empress Elizabeth had sought to achieve. Catherine faces the challenges of war and conspiracies that seek to undermine her role, but she manoeuvres by using all the power she has in order for her rule and control to survive. All this comes at a cost as she has to contend with being unhappy, which is the cost of being at the helm of a significant kingdom. Her past is overshadowed as she started as a pawn and rises to become the wife of the Duke and the Empress of the Russian kingdom making her to be more powerful. Her kingdom becomes modernized through her efforts and wits in which it grows to be an expansive and civilized one (Moss 267). In the end, the film title explains how Czar ended up becoming Catherine the Great as portrayed in the

Expression of power in art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expression of power in art - Essay Example A great deal of information about the Egyptian culture and religion can be gained from the pyramids. The most obvious function of the pyramids was to serve as funerary complexes for the pharaohs whose bodies were preserved and kept here with the provisions needed for their afterlife. The pyramids served as the ceremonial cites and places of worship where the people worship the deceased king as God. In the Egyptian culture since the king was considered God, the line between politics and religion was very thin. Pharaohs used the beliefs of the people on their godhood to command unquestioned obedience and authority. The Stepped Pyramid and mortuary precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt, was built between 2630-2611 BCE. The shape of the pyramid with the slopes on the four sides protruding inward into structures that are raised toward the highest point representing the Pharaoh, also shows how pharaohs were deified. These pyramids give us an understanding of the political and cultural structu re of the kingdoms where the pharaoh was the single authority over the people and the affairs of the kingdom. The religion of the Egyptians centered on sun worship and their preoccupation with death and afterlife. Numerous symbolisms found in Egyptian art and hieroglyphics found on these pyramids points towards this idea. Egyptian art abounds with symbolism. The pharaoh's regalia symbolize power and his ability to control his environment. Colours also had special significance. While blue represented the river Nile, red represented power and authority and yellow represents the sun. These colors were used to show the pharaohs as all-powerful kings. Roman art and architecture has a lot of value while studying the expression of power and authority through the medium of art. The Romans ruled a vast and diverse group of people of different cultures, languages and dialects. The best means to demonstrate their power to the masses and the other rulers was the use of art. In specific we will discuss the Trajan's column erected between 106 and 113 AD by Roman emperor Trajan. This monument is an overt statement about his conquests and military power. The historical episodes are depicted in a sweeping narrative running around the huge column. Trajan is depicted many times in many different contexts, but his form is always majestic and larger than life. The narrative is the story of his courage, accomplishments and power. One can see very clearly that his images are carved with this purpose in mind. The details of the clothes, armor and shields of both armies are clearly distinguished and Trajan is depicted as the victor in no unclear term s. The fact that the enemies are not stripped of their dignity shows the way Trajan wanted to be portrayed as a good king throughout his empire. The expression of power is part and parcel of most Islamic monuments and forts. The gilt domes of the worship places are symbols of not only the holy place but also the rich kings and patrons who have been instrumental in building them. In a culture in which religion and state functioned together, complementing the growth of each other, it was only natural that their art had both religious and political connotations. The decorations on these buildings comprise a wide array of symbols depicting power. The high and mighty towers with huge gates and winding walls are also an expression of the military and defense might of the rulers. One of the best preserved sites

Personal Growth Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personal Growth Plan - Essay Example Some people say God is not attainable through the organs of senses. Yet relation with God remains real. God reveals Himself through the people and the variety of events within lives of people. â€Å"Always a living Person is present, speaking, pleading, loving, working, and manifesting Himself whenever and wherever His people have the receptivity necessary to receive the manifestation† (Tozer, 2008). God is a person, who also has intimate relationships. Developing direct relationships on deep personal level is a proper aim for the person, devoted to Him. Every day I start with the meditation. I really go deep and enjoy prayer and the sense of overwhelming gratitude that streams from my heart. I really need to pray; I agree with the words â€Å"prayer is something we should do, even something we want to do, but it seems like a chasm stands between us and actually praying. We experience the agony of prayerlessness† (MacDonald, 2007). I meet other people with open heart and all the events I observe as those, sent by Him. I accept the daily challenges. Even if the life seems tough, I recognize all that is sent by God to challenge and improve me, thus I meet even seemingly bad events with gratitude. I honor Him for all the blessings and challenges he addresses to me. Devotional life seems to me not only to accept His presence in everything, but also remember this bliss is about relationships; this means not only to accept and gratify for what he gives but to serve as well. Every day has its opportunities to reveal the inner potential, own best virtues and creative force. Being a creator of own life and accepting responsibility for all own deeds and behaviors implies spirituality. This means understanding of own purpose, purpose of others and purpose of all the connections. All has its aim, its hidden and explicit meaning. There is a sense, a purpose of everything happening. All the simple things are touched by

Twelve Security Attack Trends of 2011 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Twelve Security Attack Trends of 2011 - Essay Example People involved in the business of hacking widely adopt this attack. Security products are not yet able to launch any remedy for it (ComputerWeekly 2010) The second security threat is about file security which is from sharing of files, applications and database that is growing at the rate of 60% annually. File sharing is getting popular day by day specially after launching of Microsoft product Sharepoint. Expansion of Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard (DSS) technology to organizations and files besides databases and web applications have open new doors for the attacks Careful measures are needed to protect attacks such as data thefts and files manipulations (ComputerWeekly 2010) The third security threat is from the growth of Smartphones market due to its integration with various web applications and global databases. Intimation to consumers about completion of each and every transaction in their account through SMS messaging services has generated new opportunities for hackers who could use the path of sending data outside the domain for attack. This path of data transition can be used by intruders for data theft and unauthorised access (ComputerWeekly 2010) The fourth security threat is from cloud computing as the large infrastructure of information technology is now rapidly shifting to cloud where hackers and intruders are already present. They will come side by side and the chance of security breach will increase. Opportunities for attacking will develop with the development of consumers and customers of cloud computing (ComputerWeekly 2010) The fifth security threat is from insider. The high rate of job loss due to economic recessions have built a huge source of people who are frustrated and disgruntled and ready to take revenge or make money. The economic pressure and opportunities for selling information may pose serious threats to their previous employers (ComputerWeekly 2010) The sixth security threat is from social networks which have attacked privacy of many people by collecting information in the name of personal profiles. Tricks such as false promises and incomplete information are used to attract people for collection of personal information (ComputerWeekly 2010) The seventh security threat is from convergence of regulations of most countries and to have global laws for data security and privacy. This can bring many more opportunities for intruders and hackers (ComputerWeekly 2010) The eighth security threat is from the separation of cyber security and business operations. Keeping cyber security apart from business operations has created huge opportunities for hackers and individuals. The trend of making cyber security the part of business operations is developing rapidly for example Intel Corporation made acquisition of McAfee and HP of Fortify (ComputerWeekly 2010) The ninth security threat is from the proactive approach of security practitioners which has although helped in catching more hackers, created strong professional ‘bar’ of hackers (ComputerWeekly 2010) The tenth security threat is from the attacks of hackers on industry. Success of industrialized hackers has encouraged many more hackers to learn and adopt this approach (ComputerWeekly 2010) Figure 1 shows the extract from (ComputerWeekly 2010) which describes the above ten security threats of 2011 Figure 1: Extract (ComputerWeekly 2010) The eleventh security threat is from cyber war which began with the leakages of Stuxnet and

Personal Growth Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personal Growth Plan - Essay Example Some people say God is not attainable through the organs of senses. Yet relation with God remains real. God reveals Himself through the people and the variety of events within lives of people. â€Å"Always a living Person is present, speaking, pleading, loving, working, and manifesting Himself whenever and wherever His people have the receptivity necessary to receive the manifestation† (Tozer, 2008). God is a person, who also has intimate relationships. Developing direct relationships on deep personal level is a proper aim for the person, devoted to Him. Every day I start with the meditation. I really go deep and enjoy prayer and the sense of overwhelming gratitude that streams from my heart. I really need to pray; I agree with the words â€Å"prayer is something we should do, even something we want to do, but it seems like a chasm stands between us and actually praying. We experience the agony of prayerlessness† (MacDonald, 2007). I meet other people with open heart and all the events I observe as those, sent by Him. I accept the daily challenges. Even if the life seems tough, I recognize all that is sent by God to challenge and improve me, thus I meet even seemingly bad events with gratitude. I honor Him for all the blessings and challenges he addresses to me. Devotional life seems to me not only to accept His presence in everything, but also remember this bliss is about relationships; this means not only to accept and gratify for what he gives but to serve as well. Every day has its opportunities to reveal the inner potential, own best virtues and creative force. Being a creator of own life and accepting responsibility for all own deeds and behaviors implies spirituality. This means understanding of own purpose, purpose of others and purpose of all the connections. All has its aim, its hidden and explicit meaning. There is a sense, a purpose of everything happening. All the simple things are touched by

Different Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Different Cultures - Essay Example Maya were never ambitious empire builders, but peaceful people who lived in harmony with nature. Roma are nomads originally lived in North West India, migrated to Persia, Middle East, and then to Constantinople to end in Western Europe and tiny population to US and Canada the last caused by World War II and Communism. Domari, Lomarvren and Romani like clans belong to this origin. This tribe was persecuted by Christians, Germans, were killed as witches, sometimes with legal and royal sanctions, were enslaved in Europe and if ever there was a population which was relentlessly hunted, tortured, systematically exterminated, they were the unfortunate Roma. Hitler went for 'getting rid of Gypsy plague' and Roma were part of holocaust and survivors did not get any support from Allies. They were the common targets of all, and should be appreciated for managing to survive, despite the murderous setbacks. They are still targeted by groups of insanity and governments have not done enough for them in any country. Maya's royalties cemented the kinship and the divine lineage by marrying ruling class members of other cities. Roma married young; courtships were allowed to some extent, but not more. Arranged, practical and sometimes love marriages were practiced, and marriages were a gala three day affair, after which, they lived with groom's parents, and only after they had children, they might be allowed to live a semi-detached life. Daughter in law is kept strictly under control and have to perform all her duties without anything in return. "The daughter-in-law must prove herself to her new family and is expected to perform services with little in return. She is expected to care for her in-laws and produce grandchildren. With the birth of her first child the daughter-in-law moves from the child or bori status to mother-of-the-child status" http://www3.baylor.edu/Charles_Kemp/gypsy_health.htm Maya did not have such rigidities, and marriages did not endanger women folk into slavery. Maya men were responsible for all outside work, earning and decision making. Women were home-bound, but not obsessively so, and took all decisions of home life and maintained a healthy economy. Aged people lived a good and sheltered life in family, because the elders were respected and cherished and here, they are close to Roma, where the house elders only could speak to outsiders and were never interrupted or advised or overruled. Both clans had gender regulated rules where women had to look after home and hearth and men, earning and external responsibilities. But Maya women definitely were more independent than Roma. Maya had rigid class system, but Roma did not have much of it, as all are equal and they were never ruled by kings, but only by a clan headman. Roma consider pregnancy and child birth unclean and keep the event out of familia home. Child is mainly mother's responsibility and mother should maintain state of wuzho and there are varied ceremonies for the father to accept the child as his own. Children are the

Use Office Equipment Essay Example for Free

Use Office Equipment Essay Gives you a home screen that gives you short cuts and easier access to systems and files on the computer. Franking machine- Gives you the option to select the type of letter and the class you want to send it. 1.3 Explain why different types of equipment are chosen for task. Different types of equipment are chosen for different tasks because each piece of equipment is specific to each task that is being done. For example the scanner if specific to filing documents on to the system where as the printer to be specific to printing any documents that are needed in paper form. Understanding the purpose of following instructions and health and safety procedures. 2.1 Explain the purpose of following manufacturer’s instructions when using equipment. To ensure your using the equipment properly and prevent the equipment from breaking sooner than expected. They are also important because they tell the user what to do to be able to operate the equipment correctly. Also they tell the user what to do and the precise steps to take if the equipment breaks down. 2.2 explain the purpose of following organisational instructions when using equipment Organisational instructions are specific to your company and will usually set out the company’s rules for operating various pieces of equipment. For example,  organisational instruction will state: Who is allowed to operate certain types of equipment Whether any authorisation is needed. Who must be informed of any equipment breakdowns. Who is allowed to undertake technical repairs to equipment. 2.3 Identify health and safety procedures for using different types of equipment. When using the computer you must make sure that the cables are not trailing across the floor where someone might trip over them, also when using the computer you must have a chair that suit yours needs. It’s important that the chair adjust to your height and also the backrest must be able to adjust also to prevent cramp and avoid backache. Another example would be when using the shredder machine you must make sure your fingers don’t go near the mouth of the shredder. Also if there was a jam in the shredder make sure to turn the machine off and UN plug the machine. Another example would be when using the laminator machine make sure you supervise the machine as it gets very hot and can be dangerous and could set on fire. Also make sure you turn the machine of properly after you have used it otherwise it may break and catch fire and create serious damage to the practice. 2.4 Explain the purpose of following health and safety procedures when using equipment. The purpose of following health and safety procedures is to prevent any injuries from occurring. If these procedures are not followed it could lead to both short term and long term health issues. Health and safety procedures are there to protect you at work. They are designed to make sure that you do not suffer injuries while carrying out your work. 2.5 Explain the purpose of keeping equipment clean and hygienic. When using equipment, it is important to keep it clean and hygienic which means free from dirt, germs and bacteria. For example, food and drink should be kept well away from any equipment in anything gets knocked over and causes damage. Also by keeping equipment clean makes it last longer and stays in better condition. By keeping equipment hygienic is important especially if another colleague is going to use the same equipment therefore stops the spread of infection. Understand how to use equipment in a way that minimises waste 3.1 give  examples of waste when using equipment An example of waste when using equipment would be printing more than you need or not printing double sided. Another example of waste when using equipment would be leaving equipment (such as computers) switched on overnight or when not in use. 3.2 Give examples of ways to reduce waste Print double sided when printing to save paper. Use scrap paper to make notes instead of unused paper. Recycle e.g. cardboard boxes, paper, plastics etc. Print preview/ spell check before printing so save having to reprint documents. 3.3 Explain the purpose of minimising waste The purpose of minimising waste is to reduce our carbon footprint and to help global warming and also by minimising waste you save money. We are currently producing too much waste and need to take urgent steps to reduce this, either by cutting down on what we use or recycling whatever we can. Know about the different types of problems that may occur when using equipment and how to deal with them 4.1 Give examples of equipment problems (problems) The toner cartridge runs out. Paper jam in the printer. The computer may crash and you have unsaved work. The computer will not connect to the internet. The computer may start running very slow. 4.3 Give examples of how to deal with problems (solution) Replace the toner cartridge. Use the organisational instructions to tell you step by step how to UN jam the printer. Save your work every 10-15 minutes to ensure that if the computer crashes again most of your work or all of your work will be saved onto the computer. Your computer may need to be reconnected to the internet. Your computer can run slow for a number of different reason for example to may have too much going on at once therefore contact a IT technician of an IT specialist as you don’t want to risk breaking the computer. Understand the purpose of meeting work standards and deadlines when using  equipment 5.1 Explain the purpose of meeting work standards and deadlines when using equipment Standards- It is important that you produce your work to the best possible standard in order to meet the requirements of the person who set you the task. This shows that you are responsible and trustworthy and that you can be relied upon to get things done. The purpose of meeting deadlines when using equipment is so you save time and money. Deadlines are important to all staff as they tell them when things need to be completed in order that the business can meet its targets. Understand the purpose of leaving equipment and the work area ready for the next user 6.1 Explain the purpose of leaving equipment and the work area ready for the next user Whenever you finish using office equipment it is important that you leave the work area exactly as you found it, for example, Not leaving any mess lying around. Not leaving the work area in such a way that someone else has to clear up after you before they can begin using the equipment.

Time Series Space Phase Qualitative Analysis and Application

Time Series Space Phase Qualitative Analysis and Application Dan CHICEA1 and Silviu REI2 ABSTRACT: In a coherent light scattering experiment using a laser beam and a cuvette containing a suspension the interference field has a boiling speckle aspect. Using a detector and a data acquisition system a time series can be recorded. A possible definition for the space phase of a time series is defined. The distribution of the velocities and the trajectory in the phase space are analyzed both for computer simulated samples and for recordings on two suspensions that have the average particle size measured using Dynamic Light Scattering procedure. The results reveal that the distribution of the velocities and the trajectory in the phase space can be used in a qualitative way to characterize the average particle size in suspension. KEY WORDS: time series, phase space, velocity distributions, suspensions 1 INTRODUCTION If coherent light is incident on a medium with scattering centers (SC hereafter) a non-uniformly illuminated image is obtained, currently named speckled image, having a statistical distribution of the intensity over the interference field. The speckled image appears as a result of the interference of the wavelets scattered by the SC, each wavelet having a different phase and amplitude in each location of the interference field. The image changes in time as a consequence of the SC hereafter complex motion of both sedimentation and Brownian motion [1-3]. This complex motion produces fluctuations of the image intensity in each location of the interference field, giving the aspect of â€Å"boiling speckles†. The speckled image can be observed either in free space and is named objective speckle or on the image plane of a diffuse object illuminated by a coherent source and it is named subjective speckle in [4]. The review paper [5] names the two types of speckled images as far field speckle and image speckle. In this work the objective speckle, respectively the far field speckle is considered, recorded and analysed. Although light propagation through disperse systems such as biological cells in suspensions or grouped in tissues has been studied extensively, especially using image processing techniques [6], [7] the scattering process modelling and characterization is not straightforward. Recording the far field fluctuations on a certain location using a detector and a data acquisition system will produce a time series. Time series have been extensively analyzed using different procedures. A widely used class of procedures start with the Fourier transform to produce the power spectrum density (PSD). The shape of the PSD depends of two parameters. Finding them using a least squares fit will provide information on the size and size distribution of the particles in suspension. Just some of the papers that describe in detail and report results found using the above mentioned procedure, currently named Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), are [8-12]. An alternative procedure to analyse time series, whether produced by a detector and a data acquisition system in a light scattering experiment or extracted from a recording using a charged coupled device (CCD) [13], in a qualitative manner, using the patterns of the time signal in the space phase, is presented in the next section. 2 SPACE PHASE The space phase (SP hereafter) is the collection of all states for a system. A time series is actually a vector x(i), i=1à ·n, containing the collection of values, intensity if we record a far interference field in a light scattering experiment, and n is the total number of recorded values. Typically, the values are recorded at equal time intervals, Δt=1/fs, where fs is the sampling rate of the data acquisition system. We can define a velocity at time t, hence corresponding to the value x(i) of the time series, as the variation rate of the time signal at that moment: (1) We therefore find a pair of [x(i), v(i)] for each value in the time series, a total of n-1 pairs. Each pair represents a point in the 2 dimensional space, which we can define as the space phase (SP) for the time series. First a simple algorithm to generate in a realistic manner time series that were recorded during a DLS experiment was established. A time series, as results from the Fourier analysis of the recorded data [8-11], can be modelled as an overlapping of harmonic functions of different frequencies. Moreover, the smaller the particles in suspension are, the bigger the turnover point is [8] in the PSD. With these facts in mind, a program to generate the time series with a sampling rate fs was written and used. The program generates a certain number nf (50 for the work reported here) of amplitudes ai in the range [1, 10] using a uniform random distribution, with a random initial seed, computed using the system clock. It also generates nf frequencies fi in the range [f1, f2] and initial phases φi in the range [0, 2Ï€] and the vector containing the moments ti with the desired number of values, equally spaced at Δt. Each value xi is computed using equation (2): (2) In [8-12] it is stated that the smaller the particles are, the bigger the frequencies are, therefore an attempt to simulate experimentally recorded time series for different particles in suspension must have different frequency ranges. Several time series were used in the simulation presented in this work and two of them were selected. We call the first s1, having the 50 frequencies generated in the range 100-200 Hz and the second s2 with the frequencies in the range 2000-2500 Hz. Each series lasted for 2 seconds and fs was 10000 Hz, thus having 20000 values each. Figure 1:A 0.5 s sequence of each series. The blue line is for s1 and the red line for s2. A plot of a 0.5 s sequence of each series is presented in Fig. 1. It reveals a faster variation of the s2 time series than in s1, as expected. The SP for the two time series, s1 and s2 is presented in Figs. 2 and 3. We notice the big difference in the SP shape. S1 that contains slower fluctuations is elliptic closer to a circle for this axes range selection while s2 that contains faster fluctuations is a prolonged ellipsis. The distribution of the velocity values v, in SP, for the two series, each value calculated with equation (1), is presented in Fig.4. We notice the difference between the two distributions, laying in being wider for the s2 time series containing faster fluctuations. Moreover, we notice that the distribution is symmetrical in both situation and the resemblance with the Gaussian is very good. Figure 2:The SP for s1. Figure 3:The SP for s2. Figure 4:The distribution of the velocity values v, in SP, for the two series. The blue line is for s1 and the red line is for s2. 3 RESULTS and discussion The results of the qualitative analysis presented in the previous section were compared with experimental results. A water sample from a river was extracted after a heavy raining and was analyzed using the DLS procedure described in details in [8 12]. The DLS results reveal that the average diameter was 0.134 ÃŽ ¼m. We name this time series rw1. After 24 h the sample was analyzed again and the average diameter was found to be 0.635 ÃŽ ¼m. We name this time series rw2. The average diameter increased because the inorganic suspensions, like sand and silt, which have the biggest concentration and smaller diameter, became sediment, while the organic particles having the density closer to the water density remained suspended. Fig. 5 reveals the SP for the experimental rw1 time series and Fig. 6 for the experimental rw2 series having bigger particles in suspension. Examining the two imagines we notice that the SP of rw1 appears to have more domains, as there are at least two groups of particles in suspension, the inorganic particles, having bigger concentration and the organic particles, which remained suspended. Figure 5:The SP for rw1. Figure 6:The SP for rw2. The other feature of the SP that appears to present differences was the velocity distribution. The distribution for the velocity distributions of rw1 and rw2 time series recorded during a DLS experiment are presented in Fig. 7. Examining the velocity distributions we notice that the distribution of rw2 is wider than the distribution of rw1. Moreover, we notice that the distributions cannot be viewed as simple Gaussian distributions but as a complex overlap of several distributions and this can be the result of the fact that the particles in suspension, both in rw1 and rw2 have a complex size distribution rather than a mono dispersed distribution, therefore the simple observation from Fig. 4 does not stand in all situations. Figure 7:The distribution of the velocity values v, in SP, for the two series. The blue line is for rw2 and the red line is for rw1. 4 CONCLUSION The SP was defined for a time series as the collection of all possible states. Several time series were generated using a computer code written for this purpose. The time series were the sum of 50 harmonic functions with random amplitudes, phases and frequencies, the last being generated in a certain interval. Two series with frequencies in the intervals 100 – 200 Hz and 2000 – 2500 Hz were generated starting from the assumption that the frequency of the fluctuations in a DLS time series strongly depends of the suspended particle size. A scatter plot in the SP and a velocity distribution are presented for each of the two samples. The simulation reveals that the plot of the SP can give a qualitative image about the particles assumed to be in suspension. The smaller the particles are and the narrower the particle size distribution is (reflected in smaller frequency range), the more prolonged the image in the SP is. Moreover, smaller particles (hence bigger frequencies) produce a wider velocity distribution. A narrow frequency interval produces a symmetrical distribution resembling very well a Gaussian. These qualitative conclusions are confirmed in part by the results of the same procedures applied on experimentally recorded time series during a DLS experiment. Using the two river water samples, we found the shape of the image of the SP appears to exhibit different domains if there are more types of particles in suspension. And more, the velocity distribution appears to be the sum of several distributions, under the same circumstances. These conclusions suggest a simple procedure that can be used in monitoring the evolution of the particle size in a suspension, as in sedimentation of particles in rivers, colloid aggregation or biological fluids. The shape of the space phase and the width and shape of the velocity distribution can provide qualitative information on the distribution of the average suspended particle diameter. Work is scheduled to simulate the time series in a more realistic manner, considering a complex size distribution of the suspended particles. Here are mentioned the institutes from where are the authors (Style 1, Times New Roman, 10 points, left, normal)[R1] 1 Professor, Ph.D., Faculty of Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, Physics, Physical Education and Sports, University â€Å"Lucian Blaga†, Sibiu, Romania 2 Physicist, M.S., Group Leader, Continental Automotive Systems, Sibiu, Romania E-mail: [emailprotected]; [emailprotected] 5 REFERENCES à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Coherent Light Scattering on Nanofluids Computer Simulation Results, Applied Optics, Vol. 47, No. 10, pp. 1434-1442, (2008). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, A Simple Algorithm to Simulate Nanoparticles Motion in a Nanofluid, U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series A, Vol. 76, Iss. 2, pp: 199-206, (2014). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Radu Chicea, Liana Maria Chicea, Using Chodin to Simulate Coherent Light Scattering Dynamics on Biological Suspensions, Romanian Journal of Biophysics, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 157–170, (2010). à ¢- º Joseph.W. Goodman, Statistical Properties of Laser Speckle Patterns, in Laser speckle and related phenomena, Vol.9 in series Topics in Applied Physics, J.C. Dainty, Ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo, (1984). à ¢- º David Briers, Laser Doppler, Speckle and Related Techniques for Blood Perfusion Mapping and Imaging, Physiol. Meas. 22, R35–R66, (2001). à ¢- º David Briers, Donald D. Duncan, Evan Hirst, Sean J. Kirkpatrick, Marcus Larsson, Wiendelt Steenbergen, Tomas Stromberg, and Oliver B. Thompson, Laser speckle contrast imaging: theoretical and practical limitations, Journal of Biomedical Optics 18(6), 066018(1-9), (2013). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Biospeckle Size and Contrast Measurement Application in Particle Sizing and Concentration Assessment, Romanian Journal of Physics, Vol. 52, Numbers 5-7, pp. 581-587, (2007). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, A Study of Nanoparticle Aggregation by Coherent Light Scattering, Current Nanoscience, vol. 8 issue 6, pp. 259-265, 2012, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341312800167704. à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Revealing FE3O4 Nanoparticles Aggregation Dynamics Using Dynamic Light Scattering, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials – Rapid Communications vol. 3, no. 12, pp. 1299 – 1305, (2009). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Nanoparticles And Nanoparticle Aggregates Sizing by DLS and AFM, D. Chicea, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials – Rapid Communications vol. 4, issue 9, pp. 1310 – 1315, (2010). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Emil Indrea, Carmen Monica Cretu, Assesing FE3O4 Nanoparticle Size by DLS, XRD AND AFM, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced MaterialsVol: 14,Issue: 5-6, pp: 460-466, (2012). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Revealing FE3O4 Nanoparticle Aggregation in Aqueous Suspension by Nonconventional Optical Methods, Journal of Optoelectronics And Advanced Materials Vol. 15, No. 9 10, pp. 982 – 988, (2013). à ¢- º Dan Chicea, Application of Whole Blood Coherent Light Scattering Dynamics Analysis Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials,Vol. 10, No. 8, pp. 2163-2167, (2008). 6 notation The following symbols are used in this paper: 1 ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, VOL. 7,ISSUE 1/2009 [R1]Trebuie facut un review la povestea asta !!!

Frankenstein essay :: English Literature

Frankenstein essay The monster is called such because of his appearance; Frankenstein could be judged a monster because of his actions. Who do you think is most monstrous and why? Support your opinion with references to Shelly’s book, Pullmans play and any other interpretations you have seen. To answer this question we must first define the term monster. There are many ways a person can be a monster. If someone does not look good they are defined as a monster, if someone kills people they are defined as a monster, and if their beliefs are different to ours we also call them a monster. Keeping all this in mind it is very hard to label someone or something a monster, but in this essay I will try to describe who is more monstrous- the creator Frankenstein or his creation the monster. Frankenstein could be called a monster because he is trying to play god. He created the monster from the bodies of the dead so this makes him a monster because he will be causing masses of emotional pain to the relatives of the dead. However this could also be a strong proof of his humanity because his experiments show the curious nature that is in every human; he has just taken it one step further and decided to act on his curiosity. Atheist’s who don’t believe in life after death could even call him good hearted because he is recycling! Another reason for Frankenstein being monstrous is that he decided to try and play god a second time when he wanted to create the monster a bride. However this was done at the monsters request so it could be argued that this shows the humane side of Frankenstein because it shows compassion for others. He realized the monster was lonely so decided to create him a companion. The monster could be called more monstrous than Frankenstein because of two reasons. One he looks like a monster and as he is made from the rotting flesh of dead he probably smells like one too. The second reason is because he kills innocent people; this is portrayed in all versions of the story that I have seen/read so far. Pullmans play explains the murder by saying it was a revenge act against Frankenstein who in abandoning him caused him lots of emotional pain. The monster wanted to see him hurt. Most versions of the story agree with this view but brook’s version explains the murder of the child as an experiment. The monster had seen flowers can float so wanted to see if humans could float as well.

Patient Care

â€Å"I expect to pass through life but once. If therefore, there be any kindness I can show, or any good thing I can do to any fellow being, let me do it now, and not defer or neglect it, as I shall not pass this way again. † William Penn (1644-1718) There are many ways to define patient care in my own words. Doing my job to the best of my ability not only for myself but the patients that are in my care is of the utmost importance.My dedication to my work is defined by my ability to communicate effectively, actively listen, treat the patient with respect, respect their autonomy and take part in the environment I provide care in. By defining my personal point of view on what good patient care is I am setting my own standards to which I will strive to achieve in work and in life. Communication is in my opinion is the most important thing I can do to provide quality patient care. Being an effective communicator has many aspects to it.One is to help the patient feel like a human and not another test or number. Calling the patient by their name. Always talk directly to the patient and not â€Å"about† the patient. Give appropriate explanations about the procedure and explain what will be happening before, during and after the procedure. Answer any questions to the best of my ability and provide answers or solutions to ones I may not be able to answer, Follow up. Communication is not just speaking but actively listening, is not only verbal but also physical.Looking someone in the eye when engaging in conversation is a great way to show you are listening. Hearing a patients worries and concerns and maintaining a calm composed presence can help ease their fears. Not taking a patients anger personally. I know that they do not want to be where they are and probably have many concerns. It is my job to be professional and not react to someone who may be rude or angry due to circumstances that have nothing to do with me. Practicing patience is an important sk ill to develop and hone in the health care field.Involving a family member or whomever the patient may have brought for support is a good idea. Asking the patient if they would like that person or family member to be in the room during the procedure is a great way to relieve any stress they may have going in. Taking the time to listen and hear the patient while having understanding even in the most undesirable situations is my job as a health care worker. Another Important aspect is my dedication to my work. Making sure my room is clean and organized. Ensuring that every piece of equipment in my care is clean and working properly.Ensuring the patient is covered and offering a blanket in a cold exam room is one way to make them feel comfortable. Offering a glass of water if a patient is thirsty. Whatever I am able to provide to make the patient more at ease I will. A reassuring smile and a squeeze of the hand may be all they need. Lastly Respect. To respect a patient concerns, questi ons, family, morals, values and religion is important to providing a quality of care that truly puts the patient first. Patient care has many different definitions, not one answer is wrong or more right than another.It is important to consider what it means to me as an individual, as well as an employee that represents where I work and to take responsibility for creating a good patient care atmosphere. Patient care to me is always putting the patient first. The patients’ needs, concerns and autonomy all have to be respected. I can only hope that in my time as an ultra sound technician that I can provide the quality patient care that I would want given to my family or myself. As Mr. Penn said, be kind and do good things because we only get one chance.

Relationship Between Global and Local in Globalization Essay

Globalization is the process by which different individuals, states, regions, societies and cultures have become integrated through a global network. This can be categorized as either political which includes global leadership, formation of regional bodies, Economic globalization which includes trade, communication, transportation and social globalization which includes religion, education among others. Due to the dynamic nature of globalization, states and individuals have found it necessary to adapt to the different changes in order to survive. Thus it has become evident that globalization has affected the society both at global level and at local level. This paper will focus on the relationship between the global and the local in globalization with examples in the political, economic and social areas. At global level, globalization is evident in almost all areas of life as no one state can survive without interacting with other states. It has led to the co-operation of states in many different areas. For example, in the political arena, states have to ensure that laws that govern them conform to the norms in the international community and more specifically international law. Member states have had to form regional bodies and international organizations that deal with issues that affect them for example, war, food security, environmental problem, poverty among others. Furthermore, political globalization has created a form of hierarchy in the international community where as the developed countries e. g. U. S. A and Britain dominate the less developed countries e. . African states. In terms of economic globalization, we have seen the emergence of common markets based on the ability to exchange goods and services from one country to another depending on the availability of resources and labor. For example globalization has greatly contributed to the migration of people from countries with less developed markets to those that have greater opportunities and large amounts of wealth. In terms of social globalization, we have seen the rise of interaction at global level on the basis of religion, culture, technology and education. The most significant of these areas has been technology as it has greatly facilitated the interaction of people from all parts of the world not only through social networks like facebook, yahoo and twitter but also through business and education forums. We can say technological advancement has been the greatest contributor to globalization. Globalization is also evident at local level and can been seen through the way that both individuals and even governments try to keep with the changing times. This can also be categorized as above in the global level in terms of political, social and economic areas. In the political arena, we see our local leaders changing in order to identify themselves with a specific target group, in economics, we see people moving from rural to urban areas in search of a better way of life while in the social context, this can be seen through education for example where students are encouraged to learn additional languages to make them more marketable in job market, religion for example people of different religious backgrounds working together for the better good of the country and most of all through technology that facilitates the interaction of people from all parts of the country. It is clear to see in both areas- global and local globalization has had its impact on all areas of life. The relationship between the two therefore comes about when the locals or governments have no other choice than to adopt to whatever trends come up in their day to day lives. In terms of politics, due to the fact that states have formed alliances and organizations within the international community, it is inevitable that whatever actions they perform conform to the norms and rules that have been set out by the groups they belong to. For example in terms of laws, countries have to ensure that the laws that govern them go hand in hand with the treaties or agreements that they have entered to. This is to say that a country cannot pass a law at the local level that is against a law that they agree to abide to at the international level. In economic terms, we see how both local and global globalization intertwines especially with the rise of regional and international common markets. One good example is the formation of the European Union which led to all countries within the union adopting one common currency- the euro which has from that time on become the official currency of the region both within the individual countries and in the region at large. On the social front, we see how people of different countries each with different cultures have come together in one aspect of the other. For example looking at education, local schools and varsities have to get accreditation from different organizations both locally and internationally to ensure that students who got throw their system are recognized both within the country and also in the international community. In terms of religion we see the relationship through the fact that local churches, mosques, temples follow the same teaching under one leadership for example the Catholic Church elects archbishops who have to be approved by the pope-the leader of the Catholic Church who is not even necessarily a citizen of that country. From the above, it is clear to see that theirs is a very strong relation between the global and the local in globalization. This is mainly because the world is a global village and interaction between states and individuals is inevitable and people therefore have to do whatever is necessary to keep up with the changing times. This is further enforced by the fact that states (which represent the local population) have to participate in the international community. No man is an island therefore interactions between entities are inevitable.

Ideal Types of Authorities

SOC 1301-01 Ideal Types of Authorities According to Max Weber, there are three kinds of authority: the legal rational authority, the charismatic authority and the traditional authority. President Nixon, Adolf Hitler and Moroccan Monarch Hassan II were all great leaders. However, the source of their powerful domination and their political leadership differ from one to another. In fact, considering a â€Å"Weberian† classification, we will consider Nixon as a legal rational leader, Hitler as a charismatic leader and Hassan II as a traditional leader.In this paper, we will try to emphasize the characteristics of each one of them based on their domestic or foreign policies. And then we will see their resemblance and similarities. Richard Milhous Nixon was sworn in as president on November 5, 1968 with only five hundred fifty thousand votes more than the Democratic candidate, and Vice-President under Johnson administration, Hubert Humphrey. (Strober & Strober, 2003) According to We ber: â€Å"Rulership is seen to rest on legal authority. As citizens of constitutional governments we assent to authority because its powers are based on procedures and institutions which have been legally enacted. (Whimster, 2004) Nixon is a legal rational leader since his authority is tied to the American government that is a rational and bureaucratic institution. As he was putting his administration together, â€Å"Nixon was always bringing in new people†¦this was one of the keys to his success. † He chose to work with a small group of assistants, advisors â€Å"and his longtime secretary Rose Mary Woods. † Nixon had a simple, but efficient philosophy: to bring in new blood to his administration. â€Å"He understood that people can perform up to a certain level; then they may lose interest, or may get bored. Moreover, one of his biggest strength was his political foresight. â€Å"Some of the best political minds of the past twenty years have been Nixonâ€⠄¢s finds. † (Strober & Strober, 2003) Domestically, Nixon believed in equality in the repartition of civil rights. He insisted that the country should help black people and that â€Å"the answer was to give them a chance to be capitalists – not just jobs† but figure out a way to have them involved in the American economy and the capitalist system. Afterwards, black people began to have more ‘office’ jobs and less hysical or illegal jobs, for instance â€Å"they became employers and tax payers,† which â€Å"shifts the whole burden in the economy. † Nixon also believed that although it was not necessarily a good political move because it will not get the administration any votes, they â€Å"will do it, because it’s the right thing to do. He had a conviction that that was something that needed to be done. † Subsequently, the program was called Minority Business and was expanded to â€Å"four ethnic groupings of people in th e United States that are considered by the Congress to be minorities: blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians. It was a success but what Nixon mostly saw in it was what he called â€Å"an equal Place at the starting line. † Nixon continued to fulfill his domestic policy, and one of his most remarkable works in this area is clearly the integration of the South. His â€Å"administration had to desegregate the school systems† they tend to do it in a diplomatic way in order not to impose radical changes on very conservative people in the South. â€Å"And by 1972, the South had some of the most integrated systems in the country. This whole integration issue made Nixon very popular in the South. (Strober & Strober, 2003) Furthermore, Nixon brought reforms to ex-President Johnson’s Health care system. In Nixon’s proposal on health care systems, he proposed a health insurance coverage that everyone would benefit from and created the Environmental Protect ion Agency. According to Max Weber â€Å"The charismatic leader gains and maintains authority solely by proving his strength in life. If he wants to be a prophet, he must perform miracles; if he wants to be a warlord, he must ‘prove’ itself in that those who faithfully surrender to him must fare well.If they do not fare well, he is obviously not the master sent by the gods. † (Weber, 1946) Thus, Weber’s notion of â€Å"Charismatic leadership† perfectly suits Adolf Hitler. Since he joined the German Worker’s Party in 1919, he generated a cult around his person. In 1933, Hitler became Chancellor of the third Reich and in the same year the Reichstag passed the â€Å"Enabling act of 1933† that gave Hitler full power. Moreover, after the death of the president Eidenburg, Hitler became Fuhrer of the 3rd Reich, which is the fusion of Chancellor and president. Nicholls, 2011) therefore, he was the leader of the â€Å"German nation defined in racial terms†¦he was the leader for whom people had been waiting: The Hitler Myth. † People placed him above every sacred thing in their lives; then it made â€Å"it possible for him to retain his status as charismatic leader. † Traditional authority rests on â€Å"an established belief in the sanctity of immemorial traditions and the legitimacy of those exercising authority under them. † (Swedberg, 2005) Hence, this kind of rulership â€Å"involves subjects accepting rule because the king or chief has always exercised power. (Whimster, 2004) This definition is applicable on the deceased king of Morocco Hassan II. His reign extended from 1961 until his dead in 1999 after he had inherited the throne from the Alaouite dynasty generally and from his father Mohammed V in particular. Hassan II was a conservative; he established the first Moroccan constitution in 1963 and it granted him with large powers. Hassan II and Adolf Hitler were both characterized by thei r strong rulership. Hitler was a dictator who transformed the Weimar Republic into a totalitarian regime known as the third Reich.Thereafter, he drove the whole nation into World War II. On the other hand, Hassan II whose methods also were too radical, if not to say dictatorial, was at the head of an authoritarian government or a disguised dictatorship. Under it people did not enjoy their civil rights, they lived a dark period called â€Å"years of lead† because of the brutality, the assassination such as the case of Ben Barka who was kidnapped from a pubic area in Paris, and the deportations to Tazmamarte prison.Otherwise, although Hitler was a dictator, he came to power in a legal manner when his party the National Socialist German Workers Party came at the head of the electoral vote with 43. 9% in 1933. Unlike Nixon and Hassan II, Hitler is very segregationist and he was willing to fulfill his pan-Germanist ideology to gather German origin people in one country. He eradica ted black people, Jews and the disabled while Hassan II gave the same rights to Moroccan Jews and Muslims, and Nixon established health care programs for ill and disabled people. Nicholls, 2011) Furthermore, Nixon, Hassan II and Hitler had different foreign policies. The keyword of Nixon’s foreign affairs was ‘overture. ’ As soon as installed in the White House along with Kissinger, his National Security Advisor, Nixon planned to withdraw from the War in Vietnam. Nixon firmly believed that â€Å"the American policy should be one that stressed the withdrawal of external forces. † (Lee & Haynsworth, 2002) Hassan II was an ally of the West especially the USA; he also was a intermediate between the Arab world and Israel. (Dalle, 2011).However, Hitler’s plan was to eliminate all Germany’s enemies especially France and the USSR. He also planed to make Germany economically self-sufficient by series of territorial conquests in Central Europe, France and USSR. (Nicholls, 2011) In conclusion, we may say that according to Weber notions of ideal types of authorities and kinds of leaders, Nixon is a rational legal leader, Hitler is a charismatic figure and Hassan II is a traditional leader. However, we also notice that these classifications are not radical; therefore, one leader can fit in two or all the types of Weber’s ideal type of authority.Consequently, in our case, Hassan II and Nixon are also charismatic figures in addition to their original classification. Even though people believe Hitler came to power with brutality and terror, he actually became chancellor in a legal democratic way. In 1933, the national Socialist German Worker’s party won the popular vote and then Hitler was appointed Chancellor. Then he used manipulative (Reichstag incendiary) and brutal ways (imprisonment of political opponent) to become the Reich Fuhrer. Thus, Hitler was also a legal rational leader once he became chancellor of Germany.O therwise, Weber’s classification of types of authorities does not mean that each category of leaders share the same values and govern with the same manner. Indeed, Both Hitler and Nixon were charismatic, and legal rational leaders, yet Nixon was an ardent defender of Human and civil rights. He launched programs of desegregations and health care systems, and withdrew the American troops from Vietnam. On the other hand, Hitler started World War II and invaded several countries such as France and Poland. Further, he was responsible of the holocaust and created a segregationist program of pan-Germanism to gather German people in Germany.References Dalle, I. (2011). Hassan II: entre tradition et absolutisme. Paris: Fayard. Nicholls, D. (2003). Adolf Hitler: A Biographical Companion.. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Swedberg, R. , & Agevall, O. (2005). The Max Weber dictionary: key words and central concepts. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford Social Sciences. Weber, M. , Gerth, H. H. , & Mills, C. W. (1946). From Max Weber: Essays in sociology . New York: Oxford University Press. Weber, M. , & Whimster, S. (2004). The essential Weber: a reader. London: Routledge.